- 332 Persian capital of Persepolis burned by Alexander the Great
- 333 remants of the Persian Empire fall to Alexander the Great
- 334 Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia at Issus
- 350 Lydia becomes a tributary of Macedon after Persia is conquered by Alexander the Great

- 400 Panini's Sutra, the earliest Sanskrit grammer, is written.
- 400 Delhi founded in India.

- 263 The Forth Dynasty, Tsin, began in China. Chi-Hoang-Ti was the first Emperor. The "Great Wall " of China was started by Chihoang-Ti
- 236 The "Great Wall" of China was completed. The wall was 1,500 miles long, averaging a height of 20 feet, with a tower every 300 feet. It crossed mountains 5,000 feet high.

- 86 Athens is sacked by Sulla.
- 84 Britain was first known to be an island by the Romans who sailed around it.

- 70 The poet Virgil born.
- 70 Odin settled Scandinavia.
- 65 Horace, the poet was born.
- 60 The first Triumvirate of Julius Caesar, Crassus
- 57 The Sanhedrin took over ruler ship of the Jews. and Pompey were formed.
- 53 Crasus invaded Parthia
- Pompey of Rome conquered Jerusalem.
- 48 Syria became a part of Rome.
- 46 Ovid, "the love-poet of the Romans" was born. He lived 61 years and authored over 54 books.

- 43 Octavius, Lepidus and Mark Antony formed the second Triumvirate.
- 37 The Roman Senate appointed Herod, an Idumean Arab, King of Judea. He ruled for 34 years. Herod began construction of the great Jewish Temple on Mt. Moriah in Jerusalem.
- 36 Lepidus was expelled from the Triumvirate.
- 31 Octavius, at Actium, defeated Cleopatra and Antony.
- 30 Egypt became a Roman province.
- 27 Octavius, being sole ruler, assumed the Imperial Purple. first Emperor of Rome. The Golden Age of Rome started. ruled 44 years. died 14 A.D.

- 200 - 196 First Roman victories over Greece.
- 198 Greek Bible translated at Alexandria by 70 Hebrew scholars.
- 174 The streets of Rome were paved.
- 170 first public bakery was started in Rome.
- 168 Macedon conquered by Rome.
- 150 - 100 The Germans meet the Romans - hate at first sight.
- 148 Macedonia becomes a Roman providence.
- 146 Corinth destroyed by the Romans.
- 146 Greece became a Roman province under the name of Athens. Carthiage was taken by Scipio and became a part of Rome.
- 146 The Greek city-states become part of the Roman Empire.
- 133 Spain became a Roman province. Pergamus became a Roman province.
-149 - 146 Third Punic War
- Carthage in Flames 1959

- 293 Time was first divided into hours by a sundial of L. Papirius, Cursor at Rome.
- 290 The sixth wonder of the world, the Brass Colossus of Rhodes, was built.
- 287 Archimedes was born. He invented, among other things, the screw and lever.
- 285-247 Ptolemy II of Macedonia began his rule of Egypt. During his reign he founded the Cyprian port of Famagusta.
- 260 The first Roman fleet was built.
- 250 The Parthian Empire is started.

- 221 Hannibal of Carthage defeated the Romans.

- 395 - 340 Warfare between rival Greek leagues.
- 384 Aristotle born.
- 371 Thebes defeats Sparta at Leuctra
- 359 Philip II became the king of Macedon. He first married Olympias, then Cleopatra.
- 356 Alexander III the Great born.
- 338 In Greece Philip of Macedon conquered the country and was succeeded by his son 2 years later. Athens ceased to be a major power from this point on. Philip’s League of Corinth was composed of impotent Hellenic states that had lost their collective freedom at the battle of Chaeronea.
- 338 Philip II erected Olympia’s Philippeion in Athens following his victory at Chaeronea. The round marble building was completed by his son, Alexander.
- 338 Philip of Macedonia leads the Greek City States.
- 336 - 323 Alexander the Great's reign begins.
- 336    Alexander inherited the throne of Macedonia and all of Greece. Within 4 years he conquered the entire Persian Empire.
- 333 Hittite lands and the village known as Ancyra was conquered by Macedonians led by Alexander the Great.
- 332 Alexander the Great defeated the city of Tyre. Alexandria built, walls six miles in circumference residence of the Ptolemies, the Greek sovereigns of Egypt.
- 330 Persia fell to Alexander the Great.
- Alexander the Great 1956 2004
- 323 Alexander died in Babylon at 32. His general, Ptolemy, took possession of Egypt.
- 323 - 148 Greek City States remain relatively independent. Frequent warfare continues between rival leagues.
- 323 The Macedonian empire divided into: Egypt Syria, under the King of Phrygia, Anticonus; Cappadocia, Asia Minor, under Eumenes; Bithynia, under Bas; Pergamus, under Lysimachus; Greece, under Cassander; Thrace, under Lysimachus; and Macedon under, Philip Aridaeus III.
- 312 Appius Claudius constructed the first Roman military road, 350 miles long and called the "Appian Way."

- 495 Sophocles, the dramatist was born.
- 493-429 Pericles rules Athens. He solidifies Cleistenes' reforms and masterminds the construction of the Parthenon.
- 490 First Persian invasion of Greece, the Battle of Marathon.
- 300 Spartans 1962
- 490 Battle of Marathon between Athens and Darius' Persia; Athens is overwhelmingly victorious.
- 485 Heraclitus of Ephesus flourishes. He teaches that reality is in a constant state of flux: "One cannot step into the same river twice."
- 484 Herodotus was born. Herodotus was called the father of history.
- 480 In September, thanks to the military genius of Themistocles, Athenians crush Xerxes and the Persians at the naval Battle of Salamis.
- 480 Second Persian invasion of Greece, Spartans are defeated at Thermopylae, Athens is occupied by the Persians. The Persians are finally defeated at Salamis.
- 479 Persians are defeated at Plataea.
- 477 Construction on the Parthenon begins under the guidance of Pericles.
- 472 Playwright Aeschylus submits a play called The Persians to the annual drama competition in Athens. The play tells the story of the Battle of Salamis from the Persians' perspective.
- 469-399 Life of Socrates, famous philosopher of ethics. He leaves no written work himself, but is the protagonist of Plato's dialogues.
- 469-406 Life of Sophocles, the second major Greek playwright and author of Oedipus Rex and Antigone.
- 469 Socrates was born.
- 461 - 429 Pericles enters public life, democracy is perfected and the court system is completed.
- 460 Hypocrites known as the "The Father of Medicine" was born.
- 454 Delian League, a naval alliance of Athens and other city-states, is established through talks on the isle of Delos.
- 448 Peace with the Persians
- 443 - 429 Pericles is leader of Athens during the Golden Age.
- 431-404 Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta.
- 431 - 404 The Peloponnesian War
- 430 Plague in Athens
- 429 Plato was born.
- 427 Birth of Plato, Socrates' most distinguished student.
- 411 Revolts in Athens
- 406 Soldiers were first paid in Rome.
- 404 Athens Surrenders to Sparta.

- 47 Antipater ruled the Jews.
- 10 Apostle Peter born.
- 6-4 Jesus Christ born. John the Baptist born.

- 198 Jewish Sanhedrin was first mentioned.
- 175 Jason became the High Priest in Jerusalem.
- 161 Jews signed a treaty with the Romans. The first treaty with the Jews on record.
- 106 The government of the Maccabees began in Palestine.

- 397 The 39 books of the Old Testament ended. Four hundred years of Biblical silence started.
- 321 Onias became High Priest in Jerusalem.

- 500's The Invasion of Transoxiana by the Achaemenids of Persia under Darius I and Cyrus.
- 51 The Hsiung-nu split into two hordes, with the Eastern Horde subject to China.

- 174-161 The Hsiung-nu attack the Yüeh-chih (known in the West as the Tocharians), driving them from Gansu.
- 141-128 The Yüeh-chih, fleeing from the Hsiung-nu, overrun the Greco-Bactrian kingdom, which is renamed Tocharistan.
- 138 The first Chinese diplomatic mission to the Ferghana Valley, led by Chang Chien.
- 121 The Chinese, under General Ho Chu-ping, defeat the Hsiung-nu.
- 106 Diplomatic ties are established between the Chinese and the Persians.
- 102 The Chinese capture Kokand.

- 100 B.C. - 500 A.D. The practice of sacrificing/executing people in bogs is carried out regularly in Scandinavia, especially Denmark.

- 200 East Germanic peoples (Goths, Burgundians) migrate from Scandinavia to Eastern Europe, settling the Steppes and Black Sea area.
- 200 West Germanic peoples migrate south into the area of modern Germany, displacing the Celts who had previously ruled this region.
- 200 Proto-Germanic dividing into North & West Germanic and East Germanic (becomes Gothic, with no surviving modern language).

- 500 Iron Age begins in Scandinavia.
- 500 - 200 Celtic rule throughout most of Continental Europe.ca.
- 250 - 100 Development of the runes.

- 400 The earliest known solar calendars carved in stone are in use among the Maya, although the solar calendar may have been known and used by the Maya before this date.

- 689 Assyrians destroy Babylon
- 671-651 Assyrian rule in Egypt
- 654 Kushites driven from Egypt by the Assyrians
- 653 Elam becomes an Assyrian vassal
- 652-648 Babylonians rebel against their Assyrian rulers
- 646 Ashurbanipal of Assyria sacks Susa bringing Elamite power to an end
- 641 Arabs conquer Persia and Egypt
- 627 A revolt occurs within the Assyrian court following the death of Ashurbanipal
- 626 Nabopolassar became the king of Babylon. Uniting with Necho of Egypt and Cyaxares of Media, he took Nineveh and ended the Assyrian Empire.
- Cortigiana di Babilonia (Queen of Babylon) 1956
- 625 - 605 Chaldaean king, Nabopolassar, secures Babylonian throne
- 614 Medes capture Ashur
- 614 Persians capture Damascus and Jerusalem
- 612 Medes ally with Babylonia to conquer Assyria
- 612 Medes ally with Babylonia to conquer Assyria
- 609 Ashur-Uballit II, the last Assyrian king, retreats and is defeated at Harran

- 774 Assyrian incursions of Phoenicia begin
- 745 Tiglath-Pileser III rebuilds the decaying Assyrian empire
- 743 Tiglath-Pileser III of Assyria defeats Urartu and re-asserts Assyrian control over northern Syria
- 738 Assyria invades Phoenicia
- 735 Assyrians begin incursions into Urartu
- 734 Tyre falls to Tiglath-Pileser III of Assyria
- 722 Sargon II reorganizes the Assyrian empire into 70 provinces
- 721 Samaria, the capital of Israel, captured by Sargon II of Assyria
- 721 Sargon II of Assyria deports 28,000 Israelites who become the "Ten Lost Tribes of Israel"
- 721 Humban-Nikash of Elam defeats Sargon II of Assyria at the Battle of Der
- 714 Sargon II of Assyria defeats a Urartian army under Rusa I
- 709 Phrygia becomes a tributary to Assyria
- 705 Sargon II moves the Assyrian capital to Dur Sharrukin
- 701 Assyria attacks Jerusalem
- 701 Assyrians invade and conquer most of Phoenicia
- 700 Sennacherib moves the Assyrian capital to Nineveh
- 700 Achaemenes, first king of Persia
- 721 - 703 Chaldaeans enter Babylonia and compete for the Babylonian throne
- 763 A remarkable eclipse of the sun was noted in the Assyrian Chronological Canon. The date proved correct.
- 731 Assyria conquers Babylon
- 745 Tiglathpileser II became king of Assyria.

- 934-859 Assyria reclaims lands lost to the Urartian invasion
- 880 Ashurnasirpal II moves the Assyrian capital to Calah
- 856 Shalmeneser III of Assyria defeats the first known king of Urartu, Aramu
- 900-840 Assyrians expanded empire to the west. By 840 they conquered Syria and Turkey, territory that had formerly belonged to the Hittites.
- 880 Nebo-Baladan became the king of Babylon. A boundary was fixed by treaty with Assyria.

- 1000 - Rig Veda, first Vedic literature written.

- 582 Birth of the Greek philosopher and mathematician Pythagoras, on the island of Samos.
- 578-535 Reign of Servius Tullius
- 578 Tarquinius Priscus builds the Cloaca Maxima, the first sewer.
- 566 Panathenaic festivals established.
- 546 Persian invasion and conquest of Greek territories through out Asia Minor.
- 550 Servius Tullius builds city walls.
- 535-510 Reign of L. Tarquinius Superbus
- 510 Rape of the Sabines - 509 Overthrow of Etruscan kings and destruction of the monarchy by L. Junius Brutus.
- 509 Establishment of the Roman Republic
- 509 The temple of Jupiter Capitolinus is built on the Capitoline Hill
- 508 Creation of the position of Pontifex Maximus as an official, to oversee the Rex Sacrorum.
- 504 Migration of the Claudii to Rome.
- 501 Appointment of the first-ever dictator, T. Larcius
- 507 Cleisthenes' democratic constitution.
- A republic was established in Carthage.
- 549 Thespis, Greek poet and tragedian.
- 544 Pisistratus founded the first public library at Athens and collected the poems of Homer.
- 536 Pythagoras discovered the forty-seventh problem, the multiplication table and suggested ideas of which the Copernican system was the full development.
- 552 The Temple of Diana built at Ephesus.
- 503 Carthage made the first alliance with Rome.
- 594 Solon became Athens' chief magistrate. He established the Council of 400 and made other legal reforms designed to give the citizens more voice.
- 585 Thales, founder of school of philosophy in Miletus, is the first to present a rational explanation of the cosmos (namely, that all things are made of moisture).
- 559 Persian Empire founded by the Cyrus the Great
- 547-527 Pisistratus is ruler of Athens. He establishes festivals, builds temples and fountains, and encourages the growth of olives for export.
- 530 Pythagoras, mathematician and philosopher, and his followers found the city of Croton. Their community is based on philosophy, literature, and political activity.
- 534 According to tradition, Thespis becomes the first actor by reciting poetry as the characters in the poem.
- 525 Greek drama begins to grow out of the Dionysian festivals, especially with the plays of Aeschylus.
- 518 Birth of Pindar, Greek lyric poet who is especially inspired by athletic victory.
- 515 Birth of Parmenides of Elea, founder of the Eleatic school that focused on metaphysics.
- 510 Athens drove out the tyrant Hippias, son of Pisistratus. Cleisthenes and Isagoras struggle for power.
- 508 Cleisthenes flees Athens as Spartan troops approach to assist Isagoras, and Isagoras becomes ruler of Athens.
- 507 Cleisthenes returns to Athens and institutes a democracy – one vote for each free man on every matter of importance.
- 500 Sparta dominated the Peloponnese region of southern Greece
- 500 Height of Greek sculpture begins with the work of Phidias and Myron.

- 673-642 Reign of Numa Pompilius
- 650 Rome destroys Alba Longa
- Sins of Rome (1954)
- 642-617 Reign of Tullius Hostilius
- 616-579 Reign of Ancus Marcius Reign of L. Tarquinius Priscus
- 667 Byzantium founded.
- 650 Sparta was reorganized by Lycurgus, who made the aristocratic city into an oligarchy based on warfare.
- 626 Thales, first of the seven sages, or wise men of Greece, suggested that the earth was round.
- 621 Draco's code of law - 621 Athens.
- 616 Rome flourished under Tarquin.
- 612 Birth of Sappho, the famous female lyric poet from the isle of Lesbos.
- 600 Etruscans build the tombs of Cerveteri.
- 600 The Forum in Rome is built. (Coincides with a more historical foundation of the city of Rome)
- 600 Coin currency introduced.

- 800 - 700 Monarchies begin to be replaced by Aristocratic Republics.
- 776 Date of the first Olympic games.
- 776 first Olympiad held.
- 770 Romulus born.
- 753 Traditional Founding of Rome by Romulus and Remus.
- 753 - 716 Rule of Romulus
- 750 Greek cities founded in Italy.
- 715-674 Etruscan civilization dominates the region.
- 700 Homer's epic poems first set down in writing
- 700 Hesiod composes his Theogony, Works and Days, and other poems

- 869 Dido, from Tyre, founded Carthage.
- 800 Emergence of Greek city-states, including Athens, Thebes and Megara.

- 1000 - 800 First settlements on the Palatine Hill.
- 900 Dorian migration to the Aegean islands, Asia Minor (area around Rhodes), and through the Peloponnesus.

- 595 book of Ezekiel started.
- 595 Babylon again invaded Judah and took captives.
- 588 Babylon invaded Jerusalem
- 587 Obadiah written.
- 550 book of Ezra started
- 520 The books of Haggai and Zechariah were written.
- 515 Jeshua became the High Priest in Jerusalem.

- 742 Ahaz became the king of Judah.
- 739 Anarchy reigned in Israel.
- 730 Hoshea became the king of Israel.
- 728 Hezekiah became the king of Judah.
- Israel became a tributary to Assyria.
- 725 Hosea prophesied. He was called to reprove Israel for their sins and idolatry and warn Judah. revolted against Assyrian domination.
- 724 Assrya invaded Israel.
- 721 kingdom of Israel came to an end. Israel, comprised of the 10 northern tribes of the "Children of Israel," was carried away into Assrya, never to return. (They disappeared into the lands across the north, vanishing from worldview. Hence they are called "The Lost Tribes.")
- 710 Micah prophesied. The book of Micah was written.
- 705 Media revolted against Assrya. Deioces became the king of Media and Persia.
- 700 Bablyon destroyed and Jerusalem besieged by Sennacherib, the king of Assryia. book of Nahum was written.

- 890 The book of Second Kings began its 308-year record of history.
- 857 Jehoahaz
- 841 Jehoash
- 839 Amaziah became the king of Judah.
- 825 Jeroboam II became the king of Israel.
- 813 Caranus founded Macedon.
- 810 Uzziah, became the king of Israel.

- 984 Jehu
- 980 Syria lost to Israel
- 975 Solomon died. The fight for his throne resulted in the twelve tribes of Israel dividing, creating the Great Schism.

- 958 Abijah became the king of Judah.
- 955 Asa became the king of Judah. Asa reigned 41 years and was noted as a good and godly king.
- 954 Nadab became the king of Israel.
- 952 Baasha became the king of Israel.
- 925 Benhadad became the king of Syria. He was at war with King Ahab of Israel for two years.
- 920 Omri became the king of Israel.
- 918 Ahab became the king of Israel.
- 914 Jehoshaphat, son of Asa, became the king of Judah. He reigned for 25 years.

- 700 Writing is developed in Mesoamerica.

- 1000 - 800 Bantu migration spreads through sub-Saharan Africa over some 2,000 years. originated in West Africa, migrating downward gradually into southern Africa. one of the largest in human history.
- Neolithic/Early Farming (before 500 BC) Rice culture from 2300 BC. Stone axes, megaliths, cist graves, terraced burial mounds. Ornamental use of bronze from 1500 BC.

- 1155 Assyria and Elam attack Babylonia ending Kassite rule

- 1363 Ashur-Uballit revolts against Mitanni rule and founds the Assyrian Empire
- 1350 Elam regains independence from Babylonia under King Igi-Halki

- 1400 Kurigalzu I of Babylonia conquers Elam

- Third intermediate Libyan period

- 1258 Peace treaty, world's earliest known
- 1225 The decline of Egypt began. Art almost disappeared and literature was wanting.

- 1398 Seti I, Ramesses' son, began his 25-year rule of Egypt. Seti I built the "Grand Hall of Columns" at Karnak, began Belzoni's tomb, dug the canal from the Nile to the Red Sea and made the "Great Table of Abydos."
- 1373 Ramseese II, The Great, son of Seti I, began his 61-year rule of Egypt. Ramseese II was the most famous of the Egyptian kings. He built cities and magnificent temples, the Rock Temple of Ipsambul the great wall, the Raameseum at Thebes and introduced polygamy in Egypt.
- 1300 Berlin Mathematical Papyrus algebraic equations
- 1375 Akhenaton introduces monotheism in Egypt
- 1375 Naturalistic art in Egypt
-1300 Transparent glass invented in Egypt
- 1300 Use of Papyrus, pen, and ink for writing in Egypt
- 1300 - 1100 Increasing use of iron in Western Asia c.

- 1,100 - 1,000 Ionian Immigration to Asia Minor.
- 1000 Founding of Sparta
- 1000 Latins settle in the Latium region.
- 1000 Etruscan tribes move into Italy.

- 1293 Siculi, from Italy, settled Sicily.
- 1266 Tyndareus, father of Helen, became ruler of Sparta.
- 1263 Temple of Apollo at Delphi built.
- Argonautic Expedition, under Jason
- 1244 Palamedes invented dice.
- 1240 Hercules became ruler in Mycenae.
- 1239 Troy was captured by the Argonauts.
- 1234 Theseus, the King in Attica, gathered his people into one city, which he named Athens.
- 1228 King Theseus of Attica carried off Helen,
- 1220 Priam, father of Paris, became ruler of Troy.
- 1250 Myceneans may have warred with Troy and triumphed (as retold in the Homeric epics).
- 1200 Oracle at Delphi founded
- 1200 Beginning of the first iron age. The Latini migrate to Italy from the Danube region.
- 1200 The Trojan War, civil war, and the fall of the Mycenean.

- 1373 Troas founded the city of Troy.

1600-1400-Destruction of the palace of Cnossus 
 ca. 1425-Linear B in Crete-Minoan maritime hegemony 
-Greeks at Cnossus
- 1400-1200 Table of clay with the name of Athena at Cnossus (Atana) 
- 1375-Construction of domed tombs 
 ca. 1400 
- Apogee of the palaces at Mycenae, Tiryns, Pylos and Athens  ca.1300 
 - 1250  Linear B in Greece-Destruction of Troy 
- 1200 Catastrophe  HR III C
- 1200-1150 Mycenaean Temple of Athena at Troy ca. ? 
- Mycenaean Temple of Athena at Athens ca. ? 
- Greek Temple at Cyprus 
 - 1125 Second wave of "Greeks" in the Poloponnese 
- 1150-1050 Greeks at CyprusSub-mycenaen 
 - 1100 Dawn of the recorded history 

- 1495 Panathenaean games began.
- 1493 The Roman alphabet was developed.
- 1490 City of Sparta was founded.
- 1459 Helen came to power in Greece.
- 1400 The Myceneans conquer Knossos and begin to replace the more peaceful Minoan civilization with their own military-centered culture.
- 1400 The rise of Mycenean naval strength.

- 1095 The Theocracy ended and the Jewish Monarchy began. Saul became the first King of Israel.
- 1080 David became strong as Assyria became weak.
- 1055 The book of First Samuel ends its 115-year history. The Book of Second Samuel was begun.
- 1048 David defeated the Jebusites and Jerusalem became the capital of Israel.

- 1033 Solomon born.
- 1015 Solomon became King of Israel. His reign is called "The Glorious Kingdom." These were Israel's greatest years.
- Solomon's Temple was built.
- 1000 Solomon's books, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes and Song of Solomon were written.

- 1193 Israel's eleventh Judge, Elon,
- 1183 Israel's twelfth Judge, Abdon
- 1175 Israel's thirteenth Judge, Samson, ruled for 20 years.
- 1171 The Book of First Samuel began its 115-year record of history.
- 1155 Israel's fourteenth Judge, Eli, ruled for 40 years. The Book of Judges concluded its 271-year history.
- 1115 Israel's fifteenth Judge, Samuel the Prophet, ruled for 20 years.
- Samson and Delilah 1949 1984 TV 1996 TV 

- 1291 Israel's fifth Judge, Gideon
- 1256 The time of the Book of Ruth in progress.
- The Story of Ruth 1960
- 1251 Israel's seventh Judge
- 1228 Philistine and Ammonite oppression of Israel lasted for 18 years.
- 1206 Israel's ninth Judge, Jephthah
- 1200 Israel's tenth Judge, Ibzan

- 1369 Israel's second servitude by Elgon, king of Moab, lasted 18 years.
- 1356 Israel's second judge Ehud.
- 1326 The Institution of the Isthmian Games by Sisyphus was established.

- 1491 The marriage of brother and sister was common until prohibited by the Law of Moses
- 1491 Moses sees burning bush
- 1452 The book of Numbers ended its 39-year history of the wanderings of the Israelites.
- 1451 entrance into Canaan
- 1451 The twelve tribes of Israel reached the Promised Land.
- 1426 The Book of Joshua concluded its 25-year history.
- 1417 The Israelite's first servitude to Mesopotamia
- 1409 The first judge, Othnel, ruled for 40 years.

- 1595 The Hittites captured Babylon and retreated. They left the city open to Kassite domination which lasted about 300 years.
- 1500 Assyria subject to Mitanni rule

- 1700-1250  Troy VI, the bronze age settlement of the site of the Trojan War. The inhabitants probably spoke Luvian, an Indo-European language related to Hittite.
- 1600 Hittites, under King Mursilis I, sack Babylon

Considered by later Egyptians to have been their greatest dynasty.